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The term "war child" is most commonly used for children born during World War II and its aftermath, particularly in relation to children born to fathers in German occupying forces in northern Europe. In Norway, there were also Lebensborn children.
The term war child takes on almost immeasurable significance when it is used consistently worldwide for all children of war across time. In Germany, the concept of war child developed in the beginning of the 1990s when the generation that had experienced the Second World War during their childhood began to break their silence. [3]
Children were kidnapped and used extensively during the civil war of 1993–2005. [23] In 2004 hundreds of child soldiers were in the Forces Nationales pour la Libération (FNL), an armed rebel, Hutu group. [24] Children between the ages of 10 and 16 were also conscripted by the Burundese military. [25]
There were some cases from World War II, where children were prosecuted of war crimes for actions undertaken during the war. Two 15-year-old ex-Hitler Youth were convicted of violating laws of war, by being party to a shooting of a prisoner of war. The youths' age was a mitigating factor in their sentencing. [40]
The number of children in armed conflict zones are around 250 million. [1] They confront physical and mental harms from war experiences. "Armed conflict" is defined in two ways according to International Humanitarian Law: "1) international armed conflicts, opposing two or more States, 2) non-international armed conflicts, between governmental forces and nongovernmental armed groups, or between ...
During the ongoing Syrian Civil War children have joined groups opposed to Bashar al Assad. In 2012 the UN received allegations of rebels using child soldiers, but said they were unable to verify these. [197] In June 2014 a United Nations report said that the opposition had recruited children in military and support roles.
The BBC's Lyse Doucet writes about the horrific effects of the 19-month civil war in Sudan. ... Sudan's 'invisible crisis' - where more children are fleeing war than anywhere else.
It cannot be assumed that the term has comparable meanings in languages of other European countries. [12] For example, the English term war children, as well as the French term enfant de la Guerre, define the concept narrower, as a synonym for Besatzungskind – a child of a native mother and a father who is member of an occupying military force – describing implications associated with that ...