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Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks .
Mount Edziza, a stratovolcano in northwestern British Columbia A topographic map of Canada, showing elevations shaded from green (lower) to brown (higher). Volcanic activity is a major part of the geology of Canada and is characterized by many types of volcanic landform, including lava flows, volcanic plateaus, lava domes, cinder cones, stratovolcanoes, shield volcanoes, submarine volcanoes ...
The Siberian Traps (Russian: Сибирские траппы, romanized: Sibirskiye trappy) are a large region of volcanic rock, known as a large igneous province, in Siberia, Russia. The massive eruptive event that formed the traps is one of the largest known volcanic events in the last 500 million years.
The oldest rocks in Missouri are igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rocks formed during the Proterozoic through the accretion of volcanic island arcs to the southern shore of the proto-North American continent of Laurentia. Rocks formed from 1.7 to 1.6 billion years ago are primarily known from deep boreholes in the north of the state ...
Volcanic activity has occurred during the Holocene Epoch (the last 11,700 years) on all of the main islands except La Gomera. [3] The Canary Islands region is still volcanically active. The most recent volcanic eruption on land occurred in 2021 [4] and the most recent underwater eruption was in 2011–2012. [2]
These volcanoes have formed over the last 7.5 million years during five cycles of magmatic activity which spanned four geologic epochs. Volcanic eruptions during these magmatic cycles produced a wide variety of volcanic rocks that comprise 13 geological formations. The most recent eruptions took place in the last 11,000 years but none of them ...
The term composite volcano is used because strata are usually mixed and uneven instead of neat layers. [6] They are among the most common types of volcanoes; [7] more than 700 stratovolcanoes have erupted lava during the Holocene Epoch (the last 11,700 years), [8] and many older, now extinct, stratovolcanoes erupted lava as far back as Archean ...
Volcanoes known to have subglacial activity include: Mauna Kea in tropical Hawaii. There is evidence of past subglacial eruptive activity on the volcano in the form of a subglacial deposit on its summit. The eruptions originated about 10,000 years ago, during the last ice age, when the summit of Mauna Kea was covered in ice. [60]