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The United States Army Rangers are elite U.S. Army personnel who have served in any unit which has held the official designation of "Ranger". [1] [2] The term is commonly used to include graduates of the Ranger School, even if they have never served in a "Ranger" unit; the vast majority of Ranger school graduates never serve in Ranger units and are considered "Ranger qualified".
Rogers' Rangers began in 1755 as a company in the provincial forces of the colony of New Hampshire in British North America. It was the latest in a long line of New England ranger companies dating back to the 1670s. The immediate precursor and model for the unit was Gorham's Rangers, formed in 1744. Both were initially organized by William Shirley.
First Muster, Spring 1637, Massachusetts Bay Colony Rangers in North America served in the 17th and 18th-century wars between colonists and Native American tribes. Regular soldiers were not accustomed to frontier warfare and so Ranger companies were developed.
By the early 1830s, the Mexican War of Independence had subsided, and some 60 to 70 families had settled in Texas—most of them from the United States. Because there was no regular army to protect the citizens against attacks by native tribes and bandits, in 1823, Stephen F. Austin organized small, informal armed groups whose duties required them to range over the countryside, and who thus ...
Knowlton's Rangers was a elite light infantry unit's detachment of the Continental Army that specializes in espionage and reconnaissance in dangerous areas, it was established by George Washington. Named after its commander, Thomas Knowlton , the unit was formed in 1776.
Gorham's Rangers was one of the most famous and effective [1] ranger units raised in colonial North America. Formed by John Gorham , the unit served as the prototype for many subsequent ranger forces, including the better known Rogers' Rangers .
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The term "ranger" is from a Middle English word dating back to 1350–1400. "Rangers" patrolled royal forests and parks to prevent "poachers" from hunting game claimed by the nobility. [1] Use of the term "ranger" dates to the 17th century in the United States, and was drawn from the word "range" (to travel over a large area).