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The mean of the trait will increase in the next generation as a function of how much the mean of the selected parents differs from the mean of the population from which the selected parents were chosen. The observed response to selection leads to an estimate of the narrow-sense heritability (called realized heritability).
Narrow sense Heritability (h 2 or H N) focuses specifically on the ratio of additive variance (V A) to total phenotypic variance (V P), or: h 2 = V A / V P.. In the study of Heritability, Additive genetic effects are of particular interest in the fields of Conservation, and Artificial selection.
Ronald Fisher in 1913. Genetic variance is a concept outlined by the English biologist and statistician Ronald Fisher in his fundamental theorem of natural selection.In his 1930 book The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, Fisher postulates that the rate of change of biological fitness can be calculated by the genetic variance of the fitness itself. [1]
Narrow-sense heritability has been used also for predicting generally the results of artificial selection. In the latter case, however, the broadsense heritability may be more appropriate, as the whole attribute is being altered: not just adaptive capacity. Generally, advance from selection is more rapid the higher the heritability.
(Using a Plomin example, [38] for two traits with heritabilities of 0.60 & 0.23, =, and phenotypic correlation of r=0.45 the bivariate heritability would be =, so of the observed phenotypic correlation, 0.28/0.45 = 62% of it is due to correlative genetic effects, which is to say nothing of trait mutability in and of itself.)
Estimation in biology/animal breeding using standard ANOVA/REML methods of variance components such as heritability, shared-environment, maternal effects etc. typically requires individuals of known relatedness such as parent/child; this is often unavailable or the pedigree data unreliable, leading to inability to apply the methods or requiring strict laboratory control of all breeding (which ...
A study using this method estimated that the lower bounds for the narrow-sense heritability of crystallized and fluid intelligence are 40% and 51%, respectively. A replication study in an independent sample confirmed these results, reporting a heritability estimate of 47%. [4]
For example, if we aim to create an association map in a case-control study, then we may use the d method due to its asymmetry. If we are trying to find the probability that a given haplotype will descend in a population without being recombined by other haplotypes, then it may be better to use the ρ method.