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Manganese(II) nitrate is the precursor to manganese(II) carbonate (MnCO 3), which is used in fertilizers and as a colourant. The advantage of this method, based on the use of ammonia (NH 3) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) as reaction intermediates, being that the side product ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3) is also useful as a fertilizer. [1]
It is prepared commercially by reduction of MnO 2 with hydrogen, carbon monoxide or methane, e.g.: [2] MnO 2 + H 2 → MnO + H 2 O MnO 2 + CO → MnO + CO 2. Upon heating to 450 °C, manganese(II) nitrate gives a mixture of oxides, MnO 2−x, which can be reduced to the monoxide with hydrogen at ≥750 °C. [6]
Manganese(III)-mediated radical reactions begin with the single-electron oxidation of a carbonyl compound to an α-oxoalkyl radical. Addition to an olefin then occurs, generating adduct radical 2 . The fate of 2 is primarily determined by reaction conditions—in the presence of copper(II) acetate, this intermediate undergoes further oxidation ...
Excess molten sodamide at 240 °C reduces manganese oxides to nitrides, with the final product dependent on stoichiometry, through the following reaction. 3 Mn 2 O 3 + 9 NaNH 2 → 2 Mn 3 N 2 + 9 NaOH + N 2 + 3 NH 3. The waste sodium hydroxide selectively dissolves in an aqueous ethanol wash. [7] Manganocene ammonolyzes at 700 °C to give Mn 3 ...
Hydrogen peroxide [9] has been used as a power source for propellant tank pumps in rockets like the German WWII V-2 and the American Redstone. [10] The hydrogen peroxide is passed through a platinum catalyst mesh, [ 9 ] or comes in contact with manganese dioxide impregnated ceramic beads, or Z-Stoff permanganate solution is co-injected, which ...
One method starts with natural manganese dioxide and converts it using dinitrogen tetroxide and water to a manganese(II) nitrate solution. Evaporation of the water leaves the crystalline nitrate salt. At temperatures of 400 °C, the salt decomposes, releasing N 2 O 4 and leaving a residue of purified manganese dioxide. [8]
High-temperature flame with solid particles, which interfere with flame colorants. Reacts with nitrates, except ammonium nitrate, yielding nitrogen oxides, ammonia, and heat (the reaction is slow at room temperature but violent at above 80 °C and may spontaneously ignite); the reaction can be inhibited by a weak acid, e.g. boric acid. Corroded ...
When used to oxidize organic compounds, the exact chemical reaction depends on the organic reactant present. For example, trichloroethane (C 2 H 3 Cl 3) is oxidised by permanganate ions to form carbon dioxide (CO 2), manganese dioxide (MnO 2), hydrogen ions (H +), and chloride ions (Cl −). [6] 8 MnO − 4 + 3 C 2 H 3 Cl 3 → 6 CO 2 + 8 MnO 2 ...