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Etymologically, "cuboid" means "like a cube", in the sense of a convex solid which can be transformed into a cube (by adjusting the lengths of its edges and the angles between its adjacent faces). A cuboid is a convex polyhedron whose polyhedral graph is the same as that of a cube. [1] [2] General cuboids have many different types.
3D model of a cube. The cube is a special case among every cuboids. As mentioned above, the cube can be represented as the rectangular cuboid with edges equal in length and all of its faces are all squares. [1] The cube may be considered as the parallelepiped in which all of its edges are equal edges. [20]
The parallelepiped with D 4h symmetry is known as a square cuboid, which has two square faces and four congruent rectangular faces. The parallelepiped with D 3d symmetry is known as a trigonal trapezohedron, which has six congruent rhombic faces (also called an isohedral rhombohedron). For parallelepipeds with D 2h symmetry, there are two cases:
For example, in a polyhedron (3-dimensional polytope), a face is a facet, an edge is a ridge, and a vertex is a peak. Vertex figure : not itself an element of a polytope, but a diagram showing how the elements meet.
It is the symmetry group of a cuboid with an S written on two opposite faces, in the same orientation. D 2h, [2,2], (*222) of order 8 is the symmetry group of a cuboid. D 2d, [4,2 +], (2*2) of order 8 is the symmetry group of e.g.: A square cuboid with a diagonal drawn on one square face, and a perpendicular diagonal on the other one.
It is also the symmetry of a pyritohedron, which is similar to the cube described, with each rectangle replaced by a pentagon with one symmetry axis and 4 equal sides and 1 different side (the one corresponding to the line segment dividing the cube's face); i.e., the cube's faces bulge out at the dividing line and become narrower there. It is a ...
Many of the puzzles of this type involve packing rectangles or polyominoes into a larger rectangle or other square-like shape. There are significant theorems on tiling rectangles (and cuboids) in rectangles (cuboids) with no gaps or overlaps: An a × b rectangle can be packed with 1 × n strips if and only if n divides a or n divides b. [15] [16]
Cuboid means "like a cube", in the sense that by adjusting the length of the edges or the angles between edges and faces, a cuboid can be transformed into a cube. In math language a cuboid is convex polyhedron , whose polyhedral graph is the same as that of a cube .