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During the final stages of kernel userspace initialization, a panic is typically triggered if the spawning of init fails. A panic might also be triggered if the init process terminates, as the system would then be unusable. [12] The following is an implementation of the Linux kernel final initialization in kernel_init(): [13]
When a user is logging on to Windows, the startup sound is played, the shell (usually EXPLORER.EXE) is loaded from the [boot] section of the SYSTEM.INI file, and startup items are loaded. In all versions of Windows 9x except ME, it is also possible to load Windows by booting to a DOS prompt and typing "win".
The disk, tape or card deck must contain a special program to load the actual operating system or standalone utility into main storage, and for this specific purpose "IPL Text" is placed on the disk by the stand-alone DASDI (Direct Access Storage Device Initialization) program or an equivalent program running under an operating system, e.g ...
Since Windows Vista, [14] Windows can boot from a WIM disk image file, for which the file format is published; [15] it is similar to the ZIP format except that it supports hard links, deduplicated chunks, and uses chunk-by-chunk compression. In this case, the whole WIM is initially loaded into RAM, followed by the kernel initialisation.
An INI file is a configuration file for computer software that consists of plain text with a structure and syntax comprising key–value pairs organized in sections. [1] The name of these configuration files comes from the filename extension INI, short for initialization, used in the MS-DOS operating system which popularized this method of software configuration.
disk_status — return block device status (not initialized, missing, protected, ready) disk_initialize — initialize the physical disk; disk_read — read block from physical disk; This level of abstraction allows implementers to write an application once, and then port it on different platforms, changing only the implementation of the driver ...
At the end of the hardware initialization, the boot ROM will try to load a bootloader from external peripheral(s) (such as a hard disk drive or solid-state drive, an eMMC or eUFS card, a microSD card, an external EEPROM, and so on) or through specific protocol(s) on a communications port (such as a serial port or Ethernet, etc.).
Unless Windows is forced to use the overlapping part of the LBA address of the Advanced Active Partition entry as pseudo-disk signature, Windows' usage is conflictive with the Advanced Active Partition feature of PTS-DOS 7 and DR-DOS 7.07, in particular if their boot code is located outside the first 8 GB of the disk, so that LBA addressing ...