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The subject "(s)he" of the second sentence is only implied in Italian. English and French, on the other hand, require an explicit subject in this sentence.. Null-subject languages include Arabic, most Romance languages, Chinese, Greek, Hebrew, the Indo-Aryan languages, Japanese, Korean, Persian, the Slavic languages, Tamil, and the Turkic languages.
The pro-drop (or ‘null subject’) parameter determines whether the subject of a clause can be suppressed. Determining the parametric values for given languages is known as parameter-setting. The overall approach has been called the principles and parameters theory (PPT) of universal grammar , and has since come to be applied outside of ...
Languages known as pro-drop or null-subject languages do not require clauses to have an overt subject when the subject is easily inferred, meaning that a verb can appear alone. [2] However, non-null-subject languages such as English require a pronounced subject in order for a sentence to be grammatical. This means that the avalency of a verb is ...
Null-subject language – Class of language where a sentence subject is not required (NSL) Null subject parameter – Parameter that determines whether the subject can be dropped from a sentence (NSP) – The parameter which determines if languages are pro-drop, marking them as either positive (+) or negative (-) NSP. [35]
"Little pro" occurs in a subject position of a finite clause and has case. [14] The DP is ‘dropped’ from a sentence if its reference can be recovered from the context; "pro" is the silent counterpart of an overt pronoun. [15] Spanish is an example of a language with rich subject-verb morphology that can allow null subjects. The agreement ...
English is not a "pro-drop" (specifically, null-subject) language – that is, unlike some languages, English requires that the subject of a clause always be expressed explicitly, even if it can be deduced from the form of the verb and the context, and even if it has no meaningful referent, as in the sentence It is raining, where the subject it ...
Non-configurational language; Null subject parameter; Null-subject language; O. Object–subject word order; Object–verb word order; P. Phono-semantic matching;
In the auxiliary language Interlingua, verbs are not conjugated by person. Impersonal verbs take the pronoun il: Il ha nivate heri. In the auxiliary language Esperanto, where verbs also are not conjugated for person, impersonal verbs are simply stated with no subject given or implied, even though Esperanto is otherwise not a null subject language: