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According to perceptual symbol systems theory, bottom-up patterns of activation within sensory-motor areas become associated during perception, and thus become perceptually-based symbols. Barsalou suggests that attentional mechanisms then bind these diverse perceptual components into stable networks of associations, termed simulators, which are ...
At the best of times, card-shuffling is a poor way of getting a random distribution of symbols." [6] Rhine's experiments with Zener cards were discredited due to either sensory leakage, cheating, or both. The latter included the subject being able to read the symbols from slight indentations on the backs of cards, and being able to both see and ...
Common coding theory is a cognitive psychology theory describing how perceptual representations (e.g. of things we can see and hear) and motor representations (e.g. of hand actions) are linked. The theory claims that there is a shared representation (a common code) for both perception and action.
Subjective constancy or perceptual constancy is the perception of an object or quality as constant even though our sensation of the object changes. [1] While the physical characteristics of an object may not change, in an attempt to deal with the external world, the human perceptual system has mechanisms that adjust to the stimulus.
The symbol grounding problem is a concept in the fields of artificial intelligence, cognitive science, philosophy of mind, and semantics.It addresses the challenge of connecting symbols, such as words or abstract representations, to the real-world objects or concepts they refer to.
Basic research on processing fluency has been applied to marketing, [29] to business names, and to finance. For example, psychologists have determined that, during the week following their IPO, stocks perform better when their names are fluent/easy to pronounce and when their ticker symbols are pronounceable (e.g., KAG) vs. unpronounceable (e.g., KGH).
A computer running a program: the symbols and expressions are data structures, the process is the program that changes the data structures. The physical symbol system hypothesis claims that both of the following are also examples of physical symbol systems: Intelligent human thought: the symbols are encoded in our brains. The expressions are ...
Perceptual learning is a more in-depth relationship between experience and perception. Different perceptions of the same sensory input may arise in individuals with different experiences or training. This leads to important issues about the ontology of sensory experience, the relationship between cognition and perception. An example of this is ...