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Volumetric pipettes or bulb pipette allow the user to measure a volume of solution extremely precisely (precision of four significant figures). These pipettes have a large bulb with a long narrow portion above with a single graduation mark as it is calibrated for a single volume (like a volumetric flask). Typical volumes are 20, 50, and 100 mL.
The most common type of pipettes can be set to a certain volume within its operational range and are called adjustable. These pipettes commonly have a label with their volume range like "10–100 μL".
(These are for Class A pipettes; Class B pipettes are given a tolerance of twice that for the corresponding Class A.) A specialized example of a volumetric pipette is the microfluid pipette (capable of dispensing as little as 10 μL) designed with a circulating liquid tip that generates a self-confining volume in front of its outlet channels. [3]
The company Eppendorf improved the first "Marburg pipette" apparatus in cooperation with Heinrich Schnitger, and took over the exclusive license of the patent for commercialization. Heinrich Schnitger died in 1964, before the global spread of his invention, due to an accident while swimming in a mountain lake in Upper Bavaria.
When the pipette knob is pressed on an air displacement pipette, the piston inside the instrument moves down to let air out. Air is displaced by the piston. The volume of air displaced is equivalent to the volume of liquid aspirated. These pipettes are capable of being very precise and accurate.
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