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The human pharynx is conventionally divided into three sections: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx. In humans, two sets of pharyngeal muscles form the pharynx and determine the shape of its lumen. They are arranged as an inner layer of longitudinal muscles and an outer circular layer.
In vertebrate anatomy, the throat is the front part of the neck, internally positioned in front of the vertebrae.It contains the pharynx and larynx.An important section of it is the epiglottis, separating the esophagus from the trachea (windpipe), preventing food and drinks being inhaled into the lungs.
The first pharyngeal arch, also mandibular arch (corresponding to the first branchial arch of fish), is the first of six pharyngeal arches that develops during the fourth week of development. [10] It is located between the stomodeum and the first pharyngeal groove .
The tonsils are a set of lymphoid organs facing into the aerodigestive tract, which is known as Waldeyer's tonsillar ring and consists of the adenoid tonsil (or pharyngeal tonsil), two tubal tonsils, two palatine tonsils, and the lingual tonsils. These organs play an important role in the immune system.
The fauces, isthmus of fauces, or the oropharyngeal isthmus is the opening at the back of the mouth into the throat. [1] It is a narrow passage between the velum and the base of the tongue.
The respiratory system begins in the head and neck, with air entering and leaving the body through the mouth and nose. The respiratory system involving the head and neck includes: the nasal cavity for filtering, moistening, and warming the air; the pharynx or throat which is the combining point for respiratory and digestive system
The buccopharyngeal fascia envelops the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscles. [ 4 ] [ 1 ] It extends anteriorly from the constrictor pharyngis superior [ 4 ] over the pterygomandibular raphe to cover the buccinator muscle [ 1 ] (though another source describes it as continuous with the fascia covering the buccinator muscle).
The pharyngeal muscles are a group of muscles that form the pharynx, which is posterior to the oral cavity, determining the shape of its lumen, and affecting its sound properties as the primary resonating cavity. The pharyngeal muscles (involuntary skeletal) push food into the esophagus.