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  2. List of Unicode characters - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Unicode_characters

    Alphabet: Uppercase: U+0041 A 65 0101 Latin Capital letter A: 0034 U+0042 B 66 0102 Latin Capital letter B: 0035 U+0043 C 67 0103 Latin Capital letter C: 0036 U+0044 D 68 0104 Latin Capital letter D: 0037 U+0045 E 69 0105 Latin Capital letter E: 0038 U+0046 F 70 0106 Latin Capital letter F: 0039 U+0047 G 71 0107 Latin Capital letter G: 0040 U+ ...

  3. Computer number format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_number_format

    In the decimal system, there are 10 digits, 0 through 9, which combine to form numbers. In an octal system, there are only 8 digits, 0 through 7. That is, the value of an octal "10" is the same as a decimal "8", an octal "20" is a decimal "16", and so on.

  4. List of numeral systems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_numeral_systems

    Can be notated with the digits 0–9 and the cased letters A–Z and a–z of the English alphabet. 64: Tetrasexagesimal: I Ching in China. This system is conveniently coded into ASCII by using the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet in both upper and lower case (52 total) plus 10 numerals (62 total) and then adding two special characters (+ and ...

  5. Octal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octal

    Octal representation may be particularly handy with non-ASCII bytes of UTF-8, which encodes groups of 6 bits, and where any start byte has octal value \3nn and any continuation byte has octal value \2nn. Octal was also used for floating point in the Ferranti Atlas (1962), Burroughs B5500 (1964), Burroughs B5700 (1971), Burroughs B6700 (1971 ...

  6. Letter frequency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letter_frequency

    The California Job Case was a compartmentalized box for printing in the 19th century, sizes corresponding to the commonality of letters. The frequency of letters in text has been studied for use in cryptanalysis, and frequency analysis in particular, dating back to the Arab mathematician al-Kindi (c. AD 801–873 ), who formally developed the method (the ciphers breakable by this technique go ...

  7. Basic Latin (Unicode block) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_Latin_(Unicode_block)

    The block contains all the letters and control codes of the ASCII encoding. It ranges from U+0000 to U+007F, contains 128 characters and includes the C0 controls , ASCII punctuation and symbols , ASCII digits , both the uppercase and lowercase of the English alphabet and a control character .

  8. English alphabet - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_alphabet

    The ampersand (&) has sometimes appeared at the end of the English alphabet, as in Byrhtferð's list of letters in 1011. [2] & was regarded as the 27th letter of the English alphabet, as taught to children in the US and elsewhere. [vague] An example may be seen in M. B. Moore's 1863 book The Dixie Primer, for the Little Folks. [3]

  9. UTF-8 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8

    Code points with lower numerical values, which tend to occur more frequently, are encoded using fewer bytes. It was designed for backward compatibility with ASCII : the first 128 characters of Unicode, which correspond one-to-one with ASCII, are encoded using a single byte with the same binary value as ASCII, so that a UTF-8-encoded file using ...