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Germanium tetrafluoride is a noncombustible, strongly fuming gas with a garlic-like odor. It reacts with water to form hydrofluoric acid and germanium dioxide. Decomposition occurs above 1000 °C. [5] Reaction of GeF 4 with fluoride sources produces GeF 5 − anions with octahedral coordination around Ge atom due to polymerization. [6]
Germanium tetrabromide is the inorganic compound with the formula GeBr 4. It is a colorless solid that melts near room temperature. It can be formed by treating solid germanium with bromine, or by treating a germanium-copper mixture with bromine: [2] Ge + Br 2 → GeBr 4. From this reaction, GeBr 4 has a heat of formation of 83.3 kcal/mol. [3]
[1] [2] [3] Introduced by Gilbert N. Lewis in his 1916 article The Atom and the Molecule, a Lewis structure can be drawn for any covalently bonded molecule, as well as coordination compounds. [4] Lewis structures extend the concept of the electron dot diagram by adding lines between atoms to represent shared pairs in a chemical bond.
Germanium difluoride forms orthorhombic crystals with a space group P2 1 2 1 2 1 (No. 19), Pearson symbol oP12, and lattice constants a = 0.4682 nm, b = 0.5178 nm, c = 0.8312 nm, Z = 4 (four structure units per unit cell). Its crystal structure is characterized by strong polymeric chains composed by GeF 3 pyramids.
[4] [5] An extended version of this model is used to describe the whole class of hypervalent molecules such as phosphorus pentafluoride and sulfur hexafluoride as well as multi-center π-bonding such as ozone and sulfur trioxide. There are also molecules such as diborane (B 2 H 6) and dialane (Al 2 H 6) which have three-center two-electron bond ...
The melting point of SnF 4 is much higher (700 °C) than the other tin(IV) halides which are relatively low melting, (SnCl 4, −33.3 °C; SnBr 4, 31 °C; SnI 4, 144 °C). [1] The structure can also be contrasted with the tetrafluorides of the lighter members of group 14, ( CF 4 , SiF 4 and GeF 4 ) which in the solid state form molecular crystals.
4. This reaction is exothermic, releasing an energy of 251 kJ/mol. [3] Xenon tetrafluoride is a colorless crystalline solid that sublimes at 117 °C. Its structure was determined by both NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography in 1963. [6] [7] The structure is square planar, as has been confirmed by neutron diffraction studies. [8]
In a tetrahedral molecular geometry, a central atom is located at the center with four substituents that are located at the corners of a tetrahedron.The bond angles are arccos(− 1 / 3 ) = 109.4712206...° ≈ 109.5° when all four substituents are the same, as in methane (CH 4) [1] [2] as well as its heavier analogues.