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The condition is called alpha thalassemia trait; two α genes permit nearly normal production of red blood cells, but a mild microcytic hypochromic anemia is seen. The disease in this form can be mistaken for iron-deficiency anemia and treated inappropriately with iron. [3] [1] Alpha-thalassemia trait can exist in two forms: [1]
Alpha-thalassemia (α-thalassemia) is defined by a lack of α-globin chain production in hemoglobin, and those who carry a mutation impacting the α-globin chain on only one chromosome are considered to have a “silent” α-thalassemia whereas, if the mutation is on both then it is considered an α-thalassemia trait.
Thalassemia subtypes of clinical significance are alpha thalassemia and beta thalassemia. A third subtype, delta thalassemia, affects production of HBA2 and is generally asymptomatic. [26] The severity of alpha thalassemia depends on how many of the four genes that code for alpha globin are faulty.
β thalassemia major (Mediterranean anemia or Cooley anemia) is caused by a β o /β o genotype. No functional β chains are produced, and thus no hemoglobin A can be assembled. This is the most severe form of β-thalassemia; β thalassemia intermedia is caused by a β + /β o or β + /β + genotype. In this form, some hemoglobin A is produced;
Hemoglobin H disease, also called alpha-thalassemia intermedia, is a disease affecting hemoglobin, the oxygen carrying molecule within red blood cells. It is a form of Alpha-thalassemia which most commonly occurs due to deletion of 3 out of 4 of the α-globin genes. [1]
It is also cheap and easy, making regular screening for alpha-thalassemia a plausible possibility. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] Anemia is a factor in fetuses with Hemoglobin Bart's disease as there is an "increased cardiac output" and hypovolemia as the tissues of the fetus require oxygen because of the gamma globulin's high affinity for oxygen.
Alpha-gal syndrome is mostly linked with the bite of an infected lone star tick, which is more common in the South, East and Central states in the U.S. Those are the areas in which most AGS cases ...
Microcytic anaemia; Microcytosis is the presence of red cells that are smaller than normal. Normal adult red cell has a diameter of 7.2 µm. Microcytes are common seen in with hypochromia in iron-deficiency anaemia, thalassaemia trait, congenital sideroblastic anaemia and sometimes in anaemia of chronic diseases.