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A motor skill is a function that involves specific movements of the body's muscles to perform a certain task. These tasks could include walking, running, or riding a bike. In order to perform this skill, the body's nervous system, muscles, and brain have to all work together.
Motor control is the regulation of movements in organisms that possess a nervous system.Motor control includes conscious voluntary movements, subconscious muscle memory and involuntary reflexes, [1] as well as instinctual taxes.
The motor system is the set of central and peripheral structures in the nervous system that support motor functions, i.e. movement. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Peripheral structures may include skeletal muscles and neural connections with muscle tissues. [ 2 ]
The motor cortex can be divided into three areas: 1. The primary motor cortex is the main contributor to generating neural impulses that pass down to the spinal cord and control the execution of movement. However, some of the other motor areas in the brain also play a role in this function.
A woman exercising. In physiology, motor coordination is the orchestrated movement of multiple body parts as required to accomplish intended actions, like walking.This coordination is achieved by adjusting kinematic and kinetic parameters associated with each body part involved in the intended movement.
The concept of motor redundancy is explored in numerous studies, [61] [62] [63] usually with the goal of describing the relative contribution of a set of motor elements (e.g. muscles) in various human movements, and how these contributions can be predicted from a comprehensive theory.
To learn a movement, a “motor program” consisting of two states of memory (i.e. memory trace and perceptual trace), is required. The memory trace (equivalent to recall memory in verbal learning) initiates the motor movement, chooses its initial direction and determines the earliest portions of the movement.
Gross motor skills are involved in movement and coordination of the arms, legs, and other large body parts and movements. Gross motor skills can be further divided into two subgroups of locomotor skills and object control skills. Gross locomotor skills would include running, jumping, sliding, and swimming.