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A portable spot welder. Spot welding (or resistance spot welding [1]) is a type of electric resistance welding used to weld various sheet metal products, through a process in which contacting metal surface points are joined by the heat obtained from resistance to electric current.
Spot welding is a resistance welding method used to join two or more overlapping metal sheets, studs, projections, electrical wiring hangers, some heat exchanger fins, and some tubing. Usually power sources and welding equipment are sized to the specific thickness and material being welded together.
Shipbuilding, aerospace, railway rolling stock, automotive industry Friction stir spot welding: FSSW A rotating non-consumable tool is plunged into overlapping sheets Automotive industry Hot pressure welding: HPW Metals are pressed together at elevated temperatures below the melting point in vacuum or an inert gas atmosphere Aerospace components
Friction stir spot welds have a high strength, so they are even suitable for parts that are exposed to particularly high loads. In addition to automotive and rail vehicle construction, the aerospace industry is developing the process e.g. for welding cockpit doors for helicopters. [3]
Processes such as gas metal arc welding, while often automated, are not necessarily equivalent to robot welding, since a human operator sometimes prepares the materials to be welded. Robot welding is commonly used for resistance spot welding and arc welding in high production applications, such as the automotive industry.
In general, resistance welding methods are efficient and cause little pollution, but their applications are somewhat limited and the equipment cost can be high. [51] Spot welder. Resistance spot welding is a popular method used to join overlapping metal sheets of up to 3 mm thick. [51]