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Myocardial perfusion imaging or scanning (also referred to as MPI or MPS) is a nuclear medicine procedure that illustrates the function of the heart muscle . [ 1 ] It evaluates many heart conditions, such as coronary artery disease (CAD), [ 2 ] hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and heart wall motion abnormalities.
In order to obtain spatial information about the gamma-ray emissions from an imaging subject (e.g. a person's heart muscle cells which have absorbed an intravenous injected radioactive, usually thallium-201 or technetium-99m, medicinal imaging agent) a method of correlating the detected photons with their point of origin is required.
Scintigraphy (from Latin scintilla, "spark"), also known as a gamma scan, is a diagnostic test in nuclear medicine, where radioisotopes attached to drugs that travel to a specific organ or tissue (radiopharmaceuticals) are taken internally and the emitted gamma radiation is captured by gamma cameras, which are external detectors that form two-dimensional images [1] in a process similar to the ...
A Siemens brand SPECT scanner, consisting of two gamma cameras. Instead of just "taking a picture of anatomical structures", a SPECT scan monitors level of biological activity at each place in the 3-D region analyzed. Emissions from the radionuclide indicate amounts of blood flow in the capillaries of the imaged regions.
Sodium iodide (NaI) containing a small amount of thallium is used as a scintillator for the detection of gamma waves and zinc sulfide (ZnS) is widely used as a detector of alpha particles. Zinc sulfide is the material Rutherford used to perform his scattering experiment. Lithium iodide (LiI) is used in neutron detectors.
A ventilation/perfusion lung scan, also called a V/Q lung scan, or ventilation/perfusion scintigraphy, is a type of medical imaging using scintigraphy and medical isotopes to evaluate the circulation of air and blood within a patient's lungs, [1] [2] in order to determine the ventilation/perfusion ratio.
Thallium(III) acetate is the acetate salt of thallium, with the chemical formula Tl(CH 3 COO) 3. As a selective culture medium in microbiology, [1] thallium acetate is toxic, [2] but it can also be used as a hair loss agent. Koremlu, a depilatory that contained the rat poison Thallium acetate was widely marketed during th 1930s.
Gallium scan showing panda (A) and lambda (B) patterns, considered specific for sarcoidosis in the absence of histological confirmation. In the past, the gallium scan was the gold standard for lymphoma staging, until it was replaced by positron emission tomography (PET) using 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG).