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Benign hypertension or benign essential hypertension are medical terms now considered obsolete, but once used to describe mild to moderate hypertension (high blood pressure). These historical terms are considered misleading, [1] as hypertension is never benign. Coonsequently, the terms have fallen out of use (see history of hypertension).
Main complications of persistent high blood pressure. Complications of hypertension are clinical outcomes that result from persistent elevation of blood pressure. [1] Hypertension is a risk factor for all clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis since it is a risk factor for atherosclerosis itself.
With the exception of age, all of these can be improved with lifestyle changes, and those changes can help reduce hypertension. About 10% of the time, there is a specific underlying condition that can be found which is the cause of hypertension, and we call this secondary hypertension. For example, anything that limits the blood flow to the ...
Lesions reflect leakage of plasma components across vascular endothelium and excessive extracellular matrix production by smooth muscle cells, usually secondary to hypertension. [ 11 ] Hyaline arteriolosclerosis is a major morphologic characteristic of benign nephrosclerosis , in which the arteriolar narrowing causes diffuse impairment of renal ...
Essential hypertension (also called primary hypertension, or idiopathic hypertension) is a form of hypertension without an identifiable physiologic cause. [1] [2] It is the most common type affecting 85% of those with high blood pressure. [3] [4] The remaining 15% is accounted for by various causes of secondary hypertension. [3]
A diagram explaining factors affecting arterial pressure. Pathophysiology is a study which explains the function of the body as it relates to diseases and conditions. The pathophysiology of hypertension is an area which attempts to explain mechanistically the causes of hypertension, which is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure.
Prehypertension is often asymptomatic (without symptoms) at the time of diagnosis. Only extremely elevated blood pressure (malignant hypertension) can, in rare cases, cause headaches, visual changes, fatigue, or dizziness, but these are nonspecific symptoms which can occur with many other conditions. Thus, blood pressures above normal can go ...
When blood pressure is measured only in a clinic setting, an incorrect diagnosis of hypertension may be made whereas the person actually has white coat hypertension. In general, individuals with white coat hypertension have lower morbidity than patients with sustained hypertension, but higher morbidity than the clinically normotensive. [14] [7]