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Aliphatic nitro compounds can be synthesized by various methods; notable examples include: Free radical nitration of alkanes . [ 4 ] The reaction produces fragments from the parent alkane, creating a diverse mixture of products; for instance, nitromethane , nitroethane , 1-nitropropane , and 2-nitropropane are produced by treating propane with ...
Aliphatic nitro compounds can be reduced to aliphatic amines by several reagents: Catalytic hydrogenation using platinum(IV) oxide (PtO 2) [23] or Raney nickel [24] Iron metal in refluxing acetic acid [25] Samarium diiodide [26] Raney nickel, platinum on carbon, or zinc dust and formic acid or ammonium formate [6]
The Béchamp reduction is broadly applicable to aromatic nitro compounds. [4] [5] Aliphatic nitro compounds are however more difficult to reduce, often remaining as the hydroxylamine. Tertiary aliphatic nitro compounds, however, are converted in good yield to the amine using the Béchamp reduction. [6] The reduction proceeds in a multistep manner.
In particular, the aliphatic compounds are basic and reducing agents and are soluble in water. Aromatic symmetric disubstituted hydrazines are not soluble in water. Symmetrically disubstituted hydrazines are prepared by reducing nitro compounds under basic conditions or by reducing the azines.
The Schiff base can react with α-CH-acidic compounds (nucleophiles) that include carbonyl compounds, nitriles, acetylenes, aliphatic nitro compounds, α-alkyl-pyridines or imines. It is also possible to use activated phenyl groups and electron-rich heterocycles such as furan , pyrrole , and thiophene .
Aliphatic compounds can be saturated, joined by single bonds (), or unsaturated, with double bonds or triple bonds ().If other elements (heteroatoms) are bound to the carbon chain, the most common being oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and chlorine, it is no longer a hydrocarbon, and therefore no longer an aliphatic compound.
Even when compounds only contain elements with less intense isotope peaks (carbon or oxygen), the distribution of these peaks can be used to assign the spectrum to the correct compound. For example, two compounds with identical mass of 150 Da, C 8 H 12 N 3 + and C 9 H 10 O 2 + , will have two different M+2 intensities which makes it possible to ...
Nitropentadecene, or more precisely (E)-1-nitropentadec-1-ene, is a highly toxic unsaturated nitroalkene, the only aliphatic nitro compound known to be synthesized by insects. [citation needed] It is produced by termite soldiers of genus Prorhinotermes (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae) as a defensive chemical.