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Waterhouse–Friderichsen syndrome (WFS) is defined as adrenal gland failure due to hemorrhages in the adrenal glands, commonly caused by sepsis. Typically, the bacteria responsible for triggering the bleeding is Neisseria meningitidis. [1] The bacterial infection leads to massive bleeding into one or both adrenal glands. [2]
The most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease) overall is autoimmune adrenalitis. [2] The prevalence of Addison's disease ranges from 5 to 221 per million in different countries. [30] In children, congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is the most common cause of adrenal insufficiency, with an incidence 1 in 14,200 ...
According to the Mayo Clinic, “Allergy symptoms, which depend on the substance involved, can affect your airways, sinuses and nasal passages, skin, and digestive system.” [5] The severity of the following symptoms varies from child to child. [5] The symptoms of indoor and outdoor allergies in children may include: [18] [19] Runny nose
Addison's disease, or primary adrenal insufficiency, is an uncommon chronic illness characterized by insufficient production of cortisol and aldosterone by the adrenal glands. [17] Chronic primary adrenal insufficiency is typically characterized by an extended period of malaise , fatigue , anorexia , weight loss , joint and back pain, and skin ...
Adrenal crisis [2] Causes: Autoimmune processes, congenital etiologies, and physical trauma. [3] Diagnostic method: Morning serum cortisol levels, [4] Insulin tolerance testing, and ACTH stimulation test [2] Differential diagnosis: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Addison's disease, and Secondary adrenal insufficiency. [1] Treatment ...
Emergencies arising from decompensated pheochromocytomas or parathyroid adenomas are sometimes referred for emergency resection when aggressive medical therapies fail to control the patient's state, however the surgical risks are significant, especially blood pressure lability and the possibility of cardiovascular collapse after resection (due ...
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The adrenal glands produce important hormones that have specific roles in the homeostasis of the body, which are regulated by other glands. These hormones include aldosterone, a mineralocorticoid that regulates the amount of salt in tissue and body fluids, cortisol, a glucocorticoid that regulates metabolism and usage of macronutrients in the body, and sex hormones, such as androgens and ...