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CT scan showing extensive diverticulosis of the sigmoid colon Diverticular disease Whole slide of a transverse section of the left colon with diverticulosis. Diverticulosis is defined by the presence of multiple pouches (diverticula) in the colon. [22] In people without symptoms, these are usually found incidentally during other investigations.
Diverticulitis, also called colonic diverticulitis, is a gastrointestinal disease characterized by inflammation of abnormal pouches—diverticula—that can develop in the wall of the large intestine. [1] Symptoms typically include lower abdominal pain of sudden onset, but the onset may also occur over a few days. [1]
Acute diverticulitis is thought to arise from either trauma or lack of blood flow to the existing diverticulum in the colon. The traumatic theory proposes that a fecalith, which is a hardened fecal matter, becomes trapped in a diverticulum, leading to colonic mucosa abrasion and local inflammation.
While a low-fiber diet is generally used for acute diverticulitis, the NIH guidelines recommend a high-fiber diet for patients with diverticulosis (a condition that may lead to diverticulitis). [17] A Mayo Clinic review from 2011 showed that a high-fiber diet can prevent diverticular disease.
This can result in the formation of colon polyps, which the Mayo Clinic defines as small clumps of cells that form on the lining of the colon. ... not exhibit any symptoms. ... are located in the ...
Fecal calprotectin, a marker of colon inflammation, may be elevated. Computed tomography of the abdomen is not routinely necessary, but may show thickening or inflammation in the distal colon (sigmoid colon) with associated diverticulosis. Treatment may consist of antibiotics, aminosalicylates (mesalamine), or prednisone. In rare cases, surgery ...