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In software development, frontend refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while backend involves the data management and processing behind the scenes. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the frontend, handling user-facing tasks, and the server is the backend, managing data and logic.
Graphics represented as a rectangular grid of pixels. Rasterization Converting vector graphics to raster graphics. This terms also denotes a common method of rendering 3D models in real time. Ray casting Rendering by casting non-recursive rays from the camera into the scene. 2D ray casting is a 2.5D rendering method. Ray marching
Back-face culling may also be applied to other problems. For example, in wire-frame rendering, back-face culling can be used to partially address the problem of hidden-line removal, but only for closed convex geometry. Back-face culling can also be applied to flat surfaces other than polygons, for example disks, which have a constant normal ...
As the trend continues, it is expected that graphics processors will continue to decouple the various parts of their architectures to enhance their adaptability to future graphics applications. This design also allows chip makers to build a modular line-up, where the top-end GPUs are essentially using the same logic as the low-end products.
The rendering equation describes the total amount of light emitted from a point x along a particular viewing direction, given a function for incoming light and a BRDF.. In computer graphics, the rendering equation is an integral equation in which the equilibrium radiance leaving a point is given as the sum of emitted plus reflected radiance under a geometrical optics approximation.
Software renderer running on a device without a GPU. Software rendering is the process of generating an image from a model by means of computer software. In the context of computer graphics rendering, software rendering refers to a rendering process that is not dependent upon graphics hardware ASICs, such as a graphics card.
Formal estimation model: The quantification step is based on mechanical processes, e.g., the use of a formula derived from historical data. Combination-based estimation: The quantification step is based on a judgmental and mechanical combination of estimates from different sources. Below are examples of estimation approaches within each category.
A modern rendering of the Utah teapot, an iconic model in 3D computer graphics created by Martin Newell in 1975. Computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. Although the term often refers to the study of three-dimensional computer graphics, it also ...