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Sportster motorcycles are powered by a four-stroke, 45° V-twin engine in which both connecting rods, of the "fork and blade" or "knife & fork" design, share a common crank pin. The original Sportster engine was the Ironhead engine, which was replaced with the Evolution engine in 1986.
The ironhead was a Harley-Davidson motorcycle engine, so named because of the composition of the cylinder heads (Iron instead of Aluminium). The engine is a two-cylinder, two valves per cylinder, pushrod V-twin .
The XR-1000 used XR-750 heads, but kept the Sportster engine, frame and other equipment. [10] Costing nearly twice the price of a base model Sportster XL, the XR-1000 sold poorly and many performance enthusiasts simply bought an XL and upgraded the heads, carburetors and exhaust themselves at significantly less total cost. [10]
Street model using XR racing cylinder head and other XR engine parts. XL, Evolution, "EVO" 53.9 cu in (883 cc), 1,100 cc (6.1 cu in) (1986–1987), 73 cu in (1,200 cc) (1988–) 1986–2022 The first year of the new Sportster to have the Evolution overhead-valve engine, alloy heads XL883N, Iron: 53.9 cu in (883 cc) 2009–2022
Also available in the Sportster model beginning in 1986, it was made in the 1,100 cc (67 cu in) displacement until 1988 and is still made in the 883 cc (53.9 cu in) and 1,200 cc (73 cu in) [1] displacements for the Harley-Davidson Sportster, replacing the ironhead Sportster engine.
With many Shovelhead owners having to turn towards aftermarket parts to keep the bike running properly, Harley-Davidson realized they would have to start developing a new engine. [3] Towards the end of the Shovelhead's production, Harley-Davidson made numerous modifications in an attempt to keep the engine usable for production.