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  2. Sad clown paradox - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sad_clown_paradox

    The sad clown paradox is the contradictory association, in performers, between comedy and mental disorders such as depression and anxiety. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] For those affected, early life is characterised by feelings of deprivation and isolation, where comedy evolves as a release for tension, removing feelings of suppressed physical rage through a ...

  3. Seasonal affective disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seasonal_affective_disorder

    Subsyndromal Seasonal Affective Disorder (s-SAD or SSAD) is a milder form of SAD experienced by an estimated 14.3% (vs. 6.1% SAD) of the U.S. population. [27] The blue feeling experienced by both those with SAD and with SSAD can usually be dampened or extinguished by exercise and increased outdoor activity, particularly on sunny days, resulting ...

  4. Depression (mood) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depression_(mood)

    During the 18th century, the humoral theory of melancholia was increasingly being challenged by mechanical and electrical explanations; references to dark and gloomy states gave way to ideas of slowed circulation and depleted energy. [84]

  5. Melancholia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melancholia

    Physiognomy of the melancholic temperament (drawing by Thomas Holloway, c.1789, made for Johann Kaspar Lavater's Essays on Physiognomy). Melancholia or melancholy (from Greek: µέλαινα χολή melaina chole, [1] meaning black bile) [2] is a concept found throughout ancient, medieval, and premodern medicine in Europe that describes a condition characterized by markedly depressed mood ...

  6. Tenebrism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenebrism

    John the Baptist (John in the Wilderness), by Caravaggio, 1604, in the Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City. Tenebrism, from Italian tenebroso ('dark, gloomy, mysterious'), also occasionally called dramatic illumination, is a style of painting using especially pronounced chiaroscuro, where there are violent contrasts of light and dark, and where darkness becomes a dominating feature of the ...

  7. Dark Romanticism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_Romanticism

    Since it allowed for the study of gloomy ideas, writing, and topics, Dark Romanticism had a huge effect on American literature. Dark Romanticism began as a response to the Transcendental movement of the mid-nineteenth century. This was a mental shift in thinking from rigid religious Puritan thought to a dark, immoral point of view. People were ...

  8. Pessimism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pessimism

    The term pessimism derives from the Latin word pessimus, meaning 'the worst'.It was first used by Jesuit critics of Voltaire's 1759 novel Candide, ou l'Optimisme.Voltaire was satirizing the philosophy of Leibniz who maintained that this was the 'best (optimum) of all possible worlds'.

  9. List of English-language expressions related to death

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English-language...

    Synonym for death Neutral Pop one's clogs [2] To die Humorous, [1] Informal [2] British. "Pop" is English slang for "pawn." A 19th-century working man might tell his family to take his clothes to the pawn shop to pay for his funeral, with his clogs among the most valuable items. Promoted to Glory: Death of a Salvationist: Formal Salvation Army ...