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Graffiti of homeless in Quebec City. Homelessness in Canada was not a social problem until the 1980s. [1] The Canadian government housing policies and programs in place throughout the 1970s were based on a concept of shelter as a basic need or requirement for survival and of the obligation of government and society to provide adequate housing for everyone.
With 424 housing units per 1,000 people, Canada ranks lowest of the G7 nations [f] in "average housing supply per capita" compared to France, which has 540 units per 1,000—the largest housing supply per capita. Within Canada, the available housing supply inventory is the lowest on record. [81] It reflects a chronic insufficiency of home supply.
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The Canada Rental Supply Program provided interest-free loans for 15 years to developers who agreed to allocate a proportion of units toward social housing initiatives. [3] In order to ensure that loans contributed to the provision of low income housing, the CMHC was restricted to giving loans amounting to $7500 or less per unit. [ 8 ]
Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC; French: Société canadienne d'hypothèques et de logement, SCHL) is Canada's federal crown corporation responsible for administering the National Housing Act, with the mandate to improve housing by living conditions in the country.
In Canada affordability is one of three factors, along with adequacy and suitability, used to determine core housing needs. [13] Canada ranks among the lowest of the most developed countries for housing affordability. [14] Since the 1980s the federal government has played a smaller and smaller role in funding affordable and social housing.
Like in the United States, welfare in Canada colloquially refers to direct payments to low-income individuals only, and not to healthcare and education spending. [2] It is rarely used in Canada as the name of any specific program, however, because of its negative connotations. (In French, it is commonly known as le bien-être social or l'aide ...
The report found that "[O]ver half a million people go homeless on a single night in the United States" with approximately 65% or 350,000 people living in homeless shelters and 35% – just under 200,000 people – are unsheltered in the streets (living on sidewalks or in parks, cars, or abandoned buildings). [73]