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In 1683, the twenty-year-long peace, concluded by the Vasvar peace treaty ended, and Ottoman Porte decided to renew its hostilities against the Habsburg Empire.The large Ottoman Army, attempted to capture Habsburg capital of Vienna in 1683, but suffered a crushing defeat, which also ended with the formation of anti-Ottoman alliance, The Holy League, and the beginning of the Great Turkish War. [1]
The border between the Dalmatian hinterland and the Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina greatly fluctuated until the Morean War, when the Venetian capture of Knin and Sinj set much of the borderline at its current position. [31] This period was abruptly interrupted with the fall of the Venetian republic in 1797.
During Ottoman rule in the Ottoman Dalmatia hinterlands Orthodox and Catholic Slavic-speaking people started arriving as martolos in Ottoman service (also called as "Vlachs/Morlachs" which then was an umbrella term regardless of ethnic origin), [36] and after the Venetian takeover of most of the hinterland during the Great Turkish War the Croat ...
Ottoman vassalage also conferred special trade rights that extended within the Empire. Ragusa handled the Adriatic trade on behalf of the Ottomans, and its merchants received special tax exemptions and trading benefits from the Porte. It also operated colonies that enjoyed extraterritorial rights in major Ottoman cities. [35] [page needed]
Following the Ottoman conquest of Kingdom of Bosnia in 1463, the territories of Slavonia, Croatia and Dalmatia came under ever increasing Ottoman pressure. Initially, armies led by Croatian nobles resisted frequent akinji and martolos incursions, and even scored some victories such as the Battle of Una and Battle of Vrpile Pass.
Dalmatian troops also distinguished themselves in the lightning-fast conquest of the fortress of Arkadia (today Kiparisija). [9] In the spring of 1687, the last major Ottoman forts in the Peloponnese, city of Patras and the forts at the entrance to the Gulf of Corinth, Rio and Antirio, fell. The Peloponnese was under complete Venetian control.
In strategic sense, the Ottoman defeat near Sisak led to stabilization of border between Croatia and the Ottoman Empire. Historian Nenad Moačanin [ hr ] claims that this stability of Croatian-Ottoman border was a general characteristic of the 17th century, as Ottoman Empire's might started declining.
In the Ottoman Dalmatia many people converted to Islam to get freedom and privileges. [48] The border between the Dalmatian hinterland and the Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina greatly fluctuated until the Morean War, when the Venetian capture of Knin and Sinj set much of the borderline at its current position. [49]