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Scent hounds, especially the bloodhound, are bred for their keen sense of smell. The dog sense of smell is the most powerful sense of this species, the olfactory system of canines being much more complex and developed than that of humans. [1] It is believed to be up to 10 million times as sensitive as a human's in specialized breeds.
A track scent is often a mixture of both the air scent and the ground scent being left behind by an individual. [6] Dogs are able to determine a track scent by identifying a combination of both human odours and environmental odours released by an individual.
A glomerulus is made up of a globular tangle of axons from the olfactory receptor neurons, and dendrites from the mitral and tufted cells, as well as, from cells that surround the glomerulus such as the external tufted cells, periglomerular cells, short axon cells, and astrocytes. In mammals, glomeruli typically range between 50-120 μm in ...
Once the odorant has bound to the odor receptor, the receptor undergoes structural changes and it binds and activates the olfactory-type G protein on the inside of the olfactory receptor neuron. The G protein ( G olf and/or G s ) [ 10 ] in turn activates the lyase - adenylate cyclase - which converts ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP).
The Lady and the Unicorn, a Flemish tapestry depicting the sense of smell, 1484–1500. Musée national du Moyen Âge, Paris.. Early scientific study of the sense of smell includes the extensive doctoral dissertation of Eleanor Gamble, published in 1898, which compared olfactory to other stimulus modalities, and implied that smell had a lower intensity discrimination.
Most scent hounds have a range of vocalizations, which can vary depending upon the situation the dog finds itself in. Their baying voice—most often used when excited and useful in informing their master that they are following a scent trail—is deep and booming and can be distinct from their barking voice, which itself can have variations in tone, from excited to nervous or fearful.
Bridgeville, California (population 25) was the first town to be sold on eBay in 2002, and has been up for sale three times since. [1] In January 2003, Thatch Cay, the last privately held and undeveloped U.S. Virgin Island, was listed for auction by Idealight International. The minimum bid was US$3 million and the sale closed January 16, 2003. [2]
Vomeronasal receptors are a class of olfactory receptors that putatively function as receptors for pheromones. Pheromones have evolved in all animal phyla, to signal sex and dominance status, and are responsible for stereotypical social and sexual behaviour among members of the same species.