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Valens [c] (Ancient Greek: Ουάλης, romanized: Ouálēs; 328 – 9 August 378) was Roman emperor from 364 to 378. Following a largely unremarkable military career, he was named co-emperor by his elder brother Valentinian I , who gave him the eastern half of the Roman Empire to rule.
Valentinian was born in 321 at Cibalae (now Vinkovci, Croatia) in southern Pannonia [4] [5] into a family of Illyro-Roman origin. [6] Valentinian and his younger brother Valens were the sons of Gratianus (nicknamed Funarius), a military officer renowned for his wrestling skills.
The Holzthum Hoard is a Late Roman coin hoard dating to the late 4th century in the village of Holzthum, Luxembourg.The cache consists of a total of 141 solidii, encompassing eight Roman emperors, who reigned between 364 to 408 AD.
Valentinian and Valens received many titles during their reigns, other than the customary emperor and augustus. Both were awarded the victory name of Germanicus maximus , Alamannicus maximus , and Francicus maximus to indicate victories against Germania , Alamanni and Franks , in 368, the year of their second consulship.
Following the death of the emperor Jovian, on 26 February 364, Valentinian was proclaimed Augustus (emperor). [7] Within a month, motivated by senior officers, he proclaimed his brother Valens, Gratian's uncle, Augustus of the Eastern empire. [7] Gratian was appointed consul in 366 and was entitled nobilissimus puer by his father.
In 2007 a lead "coin-based" curse on a Roman emperor was found by a metal detector user in Lincolnshire. The 1,650-year-old curse was an act of treason, blasphemy and criminal defacement of the imperial coinage. The perpetrator had cursed the emperor Valens by hammering a coin with his image into lead, then folding the lead over his face ...