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The Battle of Hattin took place on 4 July 1187, between the Crusader states of the Levant and the forces of the Ayyubid sultan Saladin. It is also known as the Battle of the Horns of Hattin , due to the shape of the nearby extinct volcano of that name .
William Borrel (died 4 July 1187) was acting Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller, ad interim, from 1 May 1187 until his death at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. He became custodian of the Hospitallers after the Grand Master Roger de Moulins was killed in the Battle of Cresson on 1 May 1187.
The Horns of Hattin, c. 1925. The Horns of Hattin ( Hebrew: קרני חיטין, romanized: Karnei Hittin Arabic: قرون حطين, romanized: Qurûn Hattîn) is an extinct volcano with twin peaks overlooking the plains of Hattin in the Lower Galilee, Israel. It is most famous as the site of the Battle of Hattin (1187).
The Battle of Montgisard, The Belvoir Castle Battle, and as well as The Two Sieges Of Kerak Castle were some victories for The Crusaders, all whilst The Marj Ayun Battle, The Siege Of Chastellet Castle Of Jacob's Ford, The Battle Of Cresson, The Battle Of Hattin and as well as The 1187 Jerusalem Siege were all won by The Saracen Muslim Armies ...
As one of Saladin's main garrison nodes and arms depots, the force defending Acre was significant, consisting of several thousand troops. Guy's army consisted of 7,000–9,000 infantry and 400–700 knights. [4] Hattin had left the Kingdom of Jerusalem with few troops left to call upon.
As the battle progressed, the Crusaders faced severe challenges. Their infantry, suffering from dehydration, broke formation and tried to retreat towards the Horns of Hattin. Without their infantry, the Crusader cavalry engaged directly with the Muslims, attempting two attacks to break out of the encirclement.
Horns of Hattin. Hittin was located on the northern slopes of the double hill known as the "Horns of Hattin."It was strategically and commercially significant due to its location overlooking the Plain of Hittin, which opens onto the coastal lowlands of the Lake Tiberias (the Sea of Galilee) to the east, and to the west is linked by mountain passes leading towards the plains of lower Galilee.
The Kingdom of Jerusalem, weakened by internal disputes, was defeated at the Battle of Hattin on 4 July 1187. Most of the nobility were taken prisoner, including King Guy. Thousands of Muslim slaves were freed. [2] [3] [4] By mid-September, Saladin had taken Acre, Nablus, Jaffa, Toron, Sidon, Beirut, and Ascalon.