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Ishikawa diagrams were popularized in the 1960s by Kaoru Ishikawa, [4] who pioneered quality management processes in the Kawasaki shipyards, and in the process became one of the founding fathers of modern management. The basic concept was first used in the 1920s, and is considered one of the seven basic tools of quality control. [5]
The seven tools are: [3] [4] [5] Cause-and-effect diagram (also known as the "fishbone diagram" or Ishikawa diagram) Check sheet; Control chart; Histogram; Pareto chart; Scatter diagram; Stratification (alternatively, flow chart or run chart) The designation arose in postwar Japan, inspired by the seven famous weapons of Benkei. [6]
Many disciplines are typically involved in the "8Ds" methodology. The tools used can be found in textbooks and reference materials used by quality assurance professionals. For example, an "Is/Is Not" worksheet is a common tool employed at D2, and Ishikawa, or "fishbone," diagrams and "5-why analysis" are common tools employed at step D4.
Two primary techniques are used to perform a five whys analysis: [7] the fishbone (or Ishikawa) diagram and a tabular format. These tools allow for analysis to be branched in order to provide multiple root causes.
When process outputs are objects for which defects may be observed in varying locations (for example bubbles in laminated products or voids in castings), a defect concentration diagram is invaluable. [ 3 ] : 34 Note that while most check sheet types aggregate observations from many process outputs, typically one defect location check sheet is ...
Kaoru Ishikawa was born in Tokyo, the eldest of the eight sons of Ichiro Ishikawa. In 1937, he graduated from the University of Tokyo with an engineering degree in applied chemistry. After college, he worked as a naval technical officer from 1939 to 1941. From 1941 to 1947, Ishikawa worked at the Nissan Liquid Fuel Company. In 1947, Ishikawa ...
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