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Attachment in children is "a biological instinct in which proximity to an attachment figure is sought when the child senses or perceives threat or discomfort. Attachment behaviour anticipates a response by the attachment figure which will remove threat or discomfort".
Attachment theory and research have generated important findings concerning early child development and spurred the creation of programs to support early child-parent relationships." [ 12 ] Additionally, practitioners can use the concepts of attachment theory that suggests deep relationships which builds attachment security towards mental ...
The dynamic-maturational model of attachment and adaptation (DMM) is a biopsychosocial model describing the effect attachment relationships can have on human development and functioning. It is especially focused on the effects of relationships between children and parents and between reproductive couples.
In psychology, an affectional bond is a type of attachment behavior one individual has for another individual, [1] typically a caregiver for their child, [2] in which the two partners tend to remain in proximity to one another.
The child also develops generalized representations of its interactions with its primary caregiver during this time, a concept related to and informed by attachment theory. The child learns whether it can depend on its caregiver to provide for its needs and the types of affective and behavioral responses it can expect in specific situations ...
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Children who achieve "success in school or games might develop a feeling of competence." The "peril during this period is that feelings of inadequacy and inferiority will develop. [126] Parents and teachers can "undermine" a child's development by failing to recognize accomplishments or being overly critical of a child's efforts. [127]
Maternal cocaine use may also affect the child's cognitive development, with exposed children achieving lower scores on measures of psychomotor and mental development. [179] [180] Again though, there is conflicting evidence, and a number of studies indicate no effect of maternal cocaine use on a child's cognitive development. [181] [182]