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Instead, plasma cells are identified through flow cytometry by their additional expression of CD138, CD78, and the Interleukin-6 receptor. In humans, CD27 is a good marker for plasma cells; naïve B cells are CD27−, memory B-cells are CD27+ and plasma cells are CD27++. [5] The surface antigen CD138 (syndecan-1) is expressed at high levels. [6]
The normal cell type most closely associated with MM cells is generally taken to be either an activated memory B cell or the precursor to plasma cells, the plasmablast. [ 50 ] The immune system keeps the proliferation of B cells and the secretion of antibodies under tight control.
More recently, a Science article published in 2004 described structures that connected PC12 cells together, as well as other types of cell cultures. [ 7 ] [ 18 ] This study coined the term "tunneling nanotubes" and also showed that nanotube formation between cells is correlated with both membrane and organelle transfer. [ 7 ]
A peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) is any peripheral blood cell having a round nucleus. [1] These cells consist of lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells) and monocytes, whereas erythrocytes and platelets have no nuclei, and granulocytes (neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils) have multi-lobed nuclei. In humans, lymphocytes make up ...
Russell bodies are inclusion bodies usually found in atypical plasma cells that become known as Mott cells. [1] Russell bodies are eosinophilic , homogeneous immunoglobulin (Ig)-containing inclusions usually found in cells undergoing excessive synthesis of Ig; the Russell body is characteristic of the distended endoplasmic reticulum .
Light micrograph of a moss's leaf cells at 400X magnification. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: . Cell biology – A branch of biology that includes study of cells regarding their physiological properties, structure, and function; the organelles they contain; interactions with their environment; and their life cycle, division, and death.
Live-cell imaging is the study of living cells using time-lapse microscopy. It is used by scientists to obtain a better understanding of biological function through the study of cellular dynamics. [1] Live-cell imaging was pioneered in the first decade of the 21st century.
Protoplasm (/ ˈ p r oʊ t ə ˌ p l æ z əm /; [1] [2] pl. protoplasms) [3] is the part of a cell that is surrounded by a plasma membrane.It is a mixture of small molecules such as ions, monosaccharides, amino acids, and macromolecules such as proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, etc.