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[1] [5] [11] Chemically, armodafinil is the enantiopure (R)-(–)-enantiomer of the racemic mixture modafinil (brand name Provigil). [1] [4] [5] Both enantiomers of modafinil are active as DRIs and wakefulness-promoting agents, but armodafinil is more potent and longer-acting. [4] [5] Armodafinil is produced by the pharmaceutical company ...
Modafinil and armodafinil are thought to act as selective, weak, atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitors (DRIs). [13] [3] [4] However, additional actions are also possible and have not been ruled out. [13] Adrafinil acts as a prodrug of modafinil and hence shares its mechanism of action. [13]
Modafinil performs moderately (but better than armodafinil or solriamfetol) [30] as a drug to overcome excessive daytime sleepiness caused by obstructive sleep apnea, [31] though it is recommended that people with apnea use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, that is a sleep breathing apparatus to prevent apnea, before starting ...
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Acute use (1–3 days) yields a potency about 1.5× stronger than that of morphine and chronic use (7 days+) yields a potency about 2.5 to 5× that of morphine. Similarly, the effect of tramadol increases after consecutive dosing due to the accumulation of its active metabolite and an increase of the oral bioavailability in chronic use.
Chemical structure of modafinil. This page lists chemical compounds similar to modafinil, known as modafinil analogues and derivatives. These are structural analogues and derivatives of modafinil, a drug that affects dopamine levels in the brain in an unusual way (atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor or DRI).
Depending on which type of metformin you take and your dose, however, you may take metformin more than once a day. Further, metformin comes in the form of immediate-release tablets, extended ...
CE-158 is a highly selective DRI with much greater potency than modafinil. [ 3 ] [ 5 ] As ( S , S )-CE-158, its inhibitory potencies ( IC 50 Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration ) at the monoamine transporters are 227 nM at the dopamine transporter (DAT), 11,970 nM at the norepinephrine transporter (NET) (53-fold lower), and inactive ...