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In the words of Reformed scholar Louis Berkhof, “[Common grace] curbs the destructive power of sin, maintains in a measure the moral order of the universe, thus making an orderly life possible, distributes in varying degrees gifts and talents among men, promotes the development of science and art, and showers untold blessings upon the children of men,” (Berkhof, p. 434, summarizing Calvin ...
In Western Christian beliefs, grace is God's favor, and a "share in the divine life of God". [1] It is a spontaneous gift from God – "generous, free and totally unexpected and undeserved" [2] – that cannot be earned. [3] In the Eastern Orthodox Church, grace is the uncreated energies of God.
Anti-christianity sentiment, also referred to as Christophobia or Christianophobia, is the fear, hatred, discrimination, or prejudice against Christians and aspects of the Christian religion's practices.
Extrinsic religious orientation is a method of using religion to achieve non-religious goals, essentially viewing religion as a means to an end. [4] It is used by people who go to religious gatherings and claim certain religious ideologies to establish or maintain social networks while minimally adhering to the teachings of the religion.
In Judaism, bible hermeneutics notably uses midrash, a Jewish method of interpreting the Hebrew Bible and the rules which structure the Jewish laws. [1] The early allegorizing trait in the interpretation of the Hebrew Bible figures prominently in the massive oeuvre of a prominent Hellenized Jew of Alexandria, Philo Judaeus, whose allegorical reading of the Septuagint synthesized the ...
Ethics in the Bible refers to the system(s) or theory(ies) produced by the study, interpretation, and evaluation of biblical morals (including the moral code, standards, principles, behaviors, conscience, values, rules of conduct, or beliefs concerned with good and evil and right and wrong), that are found in the Hebrew and Christian Bibles.
Christian ethics, also referred to as moral theology, was a branch of theology for most of its history. [3]: 15 Becoming a separate field of study, it was separated from theology during the eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Enlightenment and, according to Christian ethicist Waldo Beach, for most 21st-century scholars it has become a "discipline of reflection and analysis that lies between ...
Christian apologetics (Ancient Greek: ἀπολογία, "verbal defense, speech in defense") [1] is a branch of Christian theology that defends Christianity. [2]Christian apologetics have taken many forms over the centuries, starting with Paul the Apostle in the early church and Patristic writers such as Origen, Augustine of Hippo, Justin Martyr and Tertullian, then continuing with writers ...