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The sail area-displacement ratio (SA/D) is a calculation used to express how much sail a boat carries relative to its weight. [1]/ = [() /] = () In the first equation, the denominator in pounds is divided by 64 to convert it to cubic feet (because 1 cubic foot of salt water weights 64 pounds).
The capsize screening formula (CSF) is a controversial method of establishing the ability of boats to resist capsizing. It is defined for sailboats as: Beam / ((Displacement/64.2) 1/3), with Displacement measured in pounds, and Beam in feet. A lower figure supposedly indicates greater stability, however the calculation does not consider factors ...
The process of determining the PHRF for an individual boat begins with the regional PHRF rating, then adjustments are made for the individual attributes of the boat such as: modifications to the rig, the size of the largest foresail (jib or genoa), the size of the spinnakers, type of keel (full, fin, wing etc.), the number of blades on the propeller, and the style of the propeller (fixed ...
The sail plan may provide the basis for calculating the center of effort on a sailing craft, necessary to compare with the center of resistance from the hull in the water or the wheels or runners on hard surfaces. Such a calculation involves the area of each sail and its geometric center, referenced from a specific point. [4]
Each boat's time is adjusted with the formula, and then the adjusted scores are compared to determine the outcome of the race. For example, a PD Racer (a semi-open homebuilt class, and the slowest listed boat in the USA scheme) has a D-PN of 140, and an A-Scow (the fastest listed centreboard boat) has a D-PN of 61.3.
This length is important while docking the ship. It is the most commonly used way of expressing the size of a ship, and is also used for calculating the cost of a marina berth [1] (for example, £2.50 per metre LOA). LOA is usually measured on the hull alone. [2] For sailing ships, this may exclude the bowsprit and other fittings added to the hull.
In the "One-Design" basis, all boats in the fleet are of the same class (i.e., the same design, length, and sail area). Alternatively, different classes of boats can race on a handicap basis, where faster classes give time to slower classes either by starting the race later or having their finishing times adjusted after the race's completion. [ 2 ]
Since the forces on the sail are resisted by forces in the water (for a boat) or on the traveled surface (for an ice boat or land sailing craft), their corresponding forces can also be decomposed from total aerodynamic force into driving force (F R) and lateral force (F LAT). Driving force overcomes resistance to forward motion.