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The principle of reparation dates back to the lex talionis of Hebrew Scripture. Anglo-Saxon courts in England before the Norman conquest also contained this principle. Under the English legal system judges must consider making a compensation order as part of the sentence for a crime.
War reparations are often governed by treaties which belligerent parties negotiate as part of a peace settlement. [1] Payment of reparations often occur as part of a condition to remove occupying troops or under the threat of re-occupation. [1] The legal basis for war reparations in modern international law is Article 3 of the Hague Convention ...
Reparations are broadly understood as compensation given for an abuse or injury. [1] The colloquial meaning of reparations has changed substantively over the last century. In the early 1900s, reparations were interstate exchanges (see war reparations) that were punitive mechanisms determined by treaty and paid by the surrendering side of a conflict, such as the World War I reparations paid by ...
Restitution and unjust enrichment is the field of law relating to gains-based recovery. In contrast with damages (the law of compensation), restitution is a claim or remedy requiring a defendant to give up benefits wrongfully obtained. Liability for restitution is primarily governed by the "principle of unjust enrichment": A person who has been ...
The Resolution prescribes that this can take five forms: restitution, compensation, rehabilitation, satisfaction, and the guarantee of non-repetition. This codifies the existing right to reparation which has been confirmed as an entitlement of customary international law. [27]
Italian reparation payments amounted to about 366 million USD and were paid to the Soviet Union, as well as Greece, Yugoslavia, Albania, and Ethiopia. Finland, Romania and Bulgaria had to pay reparations worth about 300 million USD each, mostly paid in natural goods. Bulgaria had to pay reparations worth about 70 million USD.
Several reparations bills moving through the state Legislature could help Californians of color who believe their land was taken against their will with racist intent to finally get restitution ...
Reparations were intended for reconstruction and compensating families who had been bereaved by the war. [14] The opening article of the reparation section of the Treaty of Versailles, Article 231, served as a legal basis for the following articles, which obliged Germany to pay compensation [22] and limited German responsibility to civilian ...