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A paradoxical reaction (or paradoxical effect) is an effect of a chemical substance, such as a medical drug, that is opposite to what would usually be expected. An example of a paradoxical reaction is pain caused by a pain relief medication .
Paradoxical behavior is often not recalled by the patient due to the amnesia-producing properties of the drug. In extreme situations, flumazenil can be administered to inhibit or reverse the effects of midazolam. Antipsychotic medications, such as haloperidol, have also been used for this purpose. [47] Midazolam is known to cause respiratory ...
Paradoxical disinhibition is a paradoxical reaction, an uncommon but recognized phenomenon, characterized by acute excitement and an altered mental state, caused by benzodiazepines. The mechanism is poorly known, but the most accepted theory is that it occurs secondary to inhibition of the restraining influences of the cortex and frontal lobe ...
Others must be bioactivated into a toxic compound that will in turn bind to proteins. The second criterion of cellular damage can come either from a toxic drug/drug metabolite, or from an injury or infection. These will sensitize the immune system to the drug and cause a response. Idiosyncratic reactions fall conventionally under toxicology.
Adverse drug reaction (ADR), a harmful unintended result caused by taking medication; Combined drug intoxication; Conservative management; Drug-drug interaction (DDI), an alteration of the action of a drug caused by the administration of other drugs; Paradoxical reaction, an effect of a substance opposite to what would usually be expected
Voodoo3 was a series of computer gaming video cards manufactured and designed by 3dfx Interactive. It was the successor to the company's high-end Voodoo2 line and was based heavily upon the older Voodoo Banshee product. Voodoo3 was announced at COMDEX '98 and arrived on store shelves in early 1999. [1]
These effects are paradoxical to the use of benzodiazepines, both clinically and non-medically, in management of mental health conditions. [44] [45] Long-term benzodiazepine use may lead to the creation or exacerbation of physical and mental health conditions, which improve after six or more months of abstinence.
Amnesia is desirable during surgery, so general anaesthesia procedures are designed to induce it for the duration of the operation. Sedatives such as benzodiazepines, which are commonly used for anxiety disorders, can reduce the encoding of new memories, particularly in high doses (for example, prior to surgery in order for a person not to recall the surgery). [2]