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Nigeria has fostered an exhaustive strategy system to direct its reaction to environmental change. [3] The Public Environmental Change Strategy and Reaction System (NCCPRS), [4] founded in 2012, forms the foundation of the country's environment activity plan. The NCCPRS frames systems for relief, transformation, and limit building.
The need for public institutions addressing environmental issues in Nigeria became a necessity in the aftermath of the 1988 toxic waste affair in Koko, Nigeria. [9] This prompted the government, led by President Ibrahim Badamosi Babangida, to promulgate Decree 58 of 1988, establishing the Federal Environmental Protection Agency (FEPA) as the country's environmental watchdog.
The government affirmed that Nigeria's current development priorities and objectives are focused on achieving the SDGs. [4] The Lagos SDGs Youth Alliance is another pivotal SDGs Initiative in Nigeria aimed at promoting the involvement of youth in achieving the 2030 Agenda and supporting long-term sustainable development strategy of Lagos state. [5]
One of the major achievements of the Federal Ministry of Environment is the initiation of the Ogoniland clean-up programme of the Nigerian government. [9] [10] Ogoniland is one of the communities in the oil-rich Niger Delta region that has been devastated by the exploration activities of oil-producing companies.
The federal government of Nigeria established the Niger Delta Development Commission (NDDC) in 2000 which aims to suppress the environmental and ecological impacts petroleum has had in the region. Governmental and nongovernmental organisations have also utilised technology to identify the source and movement of petroleum spills.
In Nigeria, the environmental context is various and complicated. It's miles characterized by an extensive range of ecosystems, including rainforests, savannas, wetlands, and coastal areas. [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Nigeria is located in West Africa and has a tropical climate, with a wet season and a dry season.
Desertification is one of the issues of environmental concern in Nigeria, particularly the northern part of the country. According to UNEP [4] in 1993, Northern Nigeria has one of the highest rates of deforestation in the world at about 3.5%, caused by land degradation, increase in agricultural intensity, over-grazing of livestock, and demand for fuel by cutting down trees.
The rapid growth of the population and the resulting demographic pressure have had a significant impact on deforestation in Nigeria. As the most populous country in Africa, Nigeria currently has a population of 162.5 million people. This demographic situation becomes a pressing issue when combined with high levels of poverty, as approximately ...