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General game playing (GGP) is the design of artificial intelligence programs to be able to play more than one game successfully. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] For many games like chess, computers are programmed to play these games using a specially designed algorithm, which cannot be transferred to another context.
Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) is a sub-field of reinforcement learning. It focuses on studying the behavior of multiple learning agents that coexist in a shared environment. [ 1 ] Each agent is motivated by its own rewards, and does actions to advance its own interests; in some environments these interests are opposed to the ...
Reinforcement learning (RL) is an interdisciplinary area of machine learning and optimal control concerned with how an intelligent agent should take actions in a dynamic environment in order to maximize a reward signal. Reinforcement learning is one of the three basic machine learning paradigms, alongside supervised learning and unsupervised ...
Reinforcement learning is a behavioral learning model where the algorithm provides data analysis feedback, directing the user to the best result. It enables an agent to learn through the ...
Self-play is a technique for improving the performance of reinforcement learning agents. Intuitively, agents learn to improve their performance by playing "against themselves". Intuitively, agents learn to improve their performance by playing "against themselves".
For example, OpenAI and DeepMind trained agents to play Atari games based on human preferences. In classical RL-based training of such bots, the reward function is simply correlated to how well the agent is performing in the game, usually using metrics like the in-game score.
For example, the outcome of a game (i.e., whether one player won or lost) can be easily measured without providing labeled examples of desired strategies. Neuroevolution is commonly used as part of the reinforcement learning paradigm, and it can be contrasted with conventional deep learning techniques that use backpropagation ( gradient descent ...
AlphaZero is a generic reinforcement learning algorithm – originally devised for the game of go – that achieved superior results within a few hours, searching a thousand times fewer positions, given no domain knowledge except the rules."