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Fluid dynamics simulations of a red giant, with giant convection cells and puffy surface. A red giant is a luminous giant star of low or intermediate mass (roughly 0.3–8 solar masses (M ☉)) in a late phase of stellar evolution.
Higher-mass stars never cool sufficiently to become red supergiants. Lower-mass stars develop a degenerate helium core during a red giant phase, undergo a helium flash before fusing helium on the horizontal branch, evolve along the AGB while burning helium in a shell around a degenerate carbon-oxygen core, then rapidly lose their outer layers ...
Within any giant luminosity class, the cooler stars of spectral class K, M, S, and C, (and sometimes some G-type stars [13]) are called red giants. Red giants include stars in a number of distinct evolutionary phases of their lives: a main red-giant branch (RGB); a red horizontal branch or red clump; the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), although ...
The red giant π1 Gruis is 530 light-years away, and it's reaching the end of its natural life. Soon, scientists think it will become a planetary nebula. But before it dies, astronomers are using ...
Rapidly-rotating 20 M ☉ stars take 9.3 million years to reach the red supergiant stage, while 20 M ☉ stars with slow rotation take only 8.1 million years. [97] These are the best estimates of Betelgeuse's current age, as the time since its zero age main sequence stage is estimated to be 8.0–8.5 million years as a 20 M ☉ star with no ...
The least luminous stars classified as red supergiants are some of the brightest AGB and post-AGB stars, highly expanded and unstable low mass stars such as the RV Tauri variables. The majority of AGB stars are given giant or bright giant luminosity classes, but particularly unstable stars such as W Virginis variables may be given a supergiant ...
This red giant star will, one day, explode as a supernova. Betelgeuse is one of the best-known stars in the night sky, as well as the easiest to find. New examinations of this behemoth star ...
VY Canis Majoris (abbreviated to VY CMa) is an extreme oxygen-rich red hypergiant or red supergiant (O-rich RHG or RSG) and pulsating variable star 1.2 kiloparsecs (3,900 light-years) from the Solar System in the slightly southern constellation of Canis Major.