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Old concrete sleepers can be used for things like retaining walls, else they might be crushed to recycle gravel and the steel reinforcing. [ 9 ] Special sleepers may be necessary on extremely sharp curves, such as the new triangle at Newmarket, New Zealand on the 1,067 mm ( 3 ft 6 in ) gauge of radius 95 m (312 ft).
A railroad tie, crosstie (American English), railway tie (Canadian English) or railway sleeper (Australian and British English) is a rectangular support for the rails in railroad tracks. Generally laid perpendicular to the rails, ties transfer loads to the track ballast and subgrade , hold the rails upright and keep them spaced to the correct ...
A tie plate, baseplate or sole plate is a steel plate for centering and reinforcing the attachment point on the rail tracks between a flanged T rail and a railroad tie. The tie plate increases bearing area and holds the rail to correct gauge. It is fastened to wooden ties by means of spikes or bolts through holes in the plate.
The appropriate thickness of a layer of track ballast depends on the size and spacing of the ties, the amount of traffic on the line, and various other factors. [1] Track ballast should never be laid down less than 150 mm (6 inches) thick, [5] and high-speed railway lines may require ballast up to 0.5 metres (20 inches) thick. [6]
The tieback-deadman structure resists forces that would otherwise cause the wall to lean, as for example, when a seawall is pushed seaward by water trapped on the landward side after a heavy rain. Tiebacks are drilled into soil using a small diameter shaft, and usually installed at an angle of 15 to 45 degrees.
Railroad development kept pace with the expanding frontier in the United States after the American Civil War, creating a burgeoning need for new railroad ties. Every mile of track required about 2,500-3,500 crossties. Trains became heavier and faster and the railroads found it was less expensive to add more ties per mile than to buy heavier ...
A tie crane and trolley laden with wooden ties. A tie crane or tie handler, is a piece of rail transport maintenance of way equipment used to move and handle the railroad ties (also known as sleepers) used in rail tracks using track relaying. The machines are used as an alternative to the manual labor once used.
A tie exchanger (also known as a TKO for Tie Knock Out, or by various combinations of tie exchanger, extractor, replacer, or inserter) is a self-propelled railroad maintenance of way vehicle that removes old railroad ties (also known as sleepers) from tracks and inserts new ones. By using mechanical and hydraulic force, a tie extractor/inserter ...