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The explained sum of squares, defined as the sum of squared deviations of the predicted values from the observed mean of y, is. Using in this, and simplifying to obtain , gives the result that TSS = ESS + RSS if and only if . The left side of this is times the sum of the elements of y, and the right side is times the sum of the elements of , so ...
The sum of squares of residuals, also called the residual sum of squares: The total sum of squares (proportional to the variance of the data): The most general definition of the coefficient of determination is. In the best case, the modeled values exactly match the observed values, which results in and R2 = 1.
The squared Euclidean distance between two points, equal to the sum of squares of the differences between their coordinates. Heron's formula for the area of a triangle can be re-written as using the sums of squares of a triangle's sides (and the sums of the squares of squares) The British flag theorem for rectangles equates two sums of two squares.
In statistics, ordinary least squares (OLS) is a type of linear least squares method for choosing the unknown parameters in a linear regression model (with fixed level-one [clarification needed] effects of a linear function of a set of explanatory variables) by the principle of least squares: minimizing the sum of the squares of the differences ...
Pythagorean theorem. The sum of the areas of the two squares on the legs (a and b) equals the area of the square on the hypotenuse (c). In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem or Pythagoras' theorem is a fundamental relation in Euclidean geometry between the three sides of a right triangle.
The result of fitting a set of data points with a quadratic function Conic fitting a set of points using least-squares approximation. The method of least squares is a parameter estimation method in regression analysis based on minimizing the sum of the squares of the residuals (a residual being the difference between an observed value and the fitted value provided by a model) made in the ...