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Fiore Furlano de Cividale d'Austria, delli Liberi da Premariacco (Fiore dei Liberi, Fiore Furlano, Fiore de Cividale d'Austria; born ca. 1350; [ 1 ] died after 1409 [ 2 ]) was a late 14th century knight, diplomat, and itinerant fencing master. He is the earliest Italian master from whom an extant martial arts manual has survived.
The sette spade Diagram from the Pisani facsimile (fol. 17A). The four animals symbolize prudence (), celerity (), audacity (), and fortitude ().C.f. also Five Animals.. The Flos Duellatorum is the name given to one of the manuscript versions of Fiore dei Liberi's illuminated manuscript fight book, written in 1410 (dated to 1409 in the old reckoning).
One of the earliest known Italian treatises on swordsmanship and other martial arts is the Flos Duellatorum (Fior Di Battaglia/The Flower of Battle) written by Fiore dei Liberi around 1409. Fiore's treatise describes an advanced martial arts system of grappling , dagger , short sword , longsword , pollaxe , and spear .
Flores Historiarum. King Arthur – miniature from the Chetham MS 6712 Flores Historiarum, by or after Matthew Paris. The Flores Historiarum (Flowers of History) is the name of two different (though related) Latin chronicles by medieval English historians that were created in the 13th century, associated originally with the Abbey of St Albans.
The initial page of the Peterborough Chronicle [1]. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle is a collection of annals in Old English, chronicling the history of the Anglo-Saxons.. The original manuscript of the Chronicle was created late in the ninth century, probably in Wessex, during the reign of Alfred the Great (r. 871–899).
The usual form of entry is "qui obiit in bello" (who died in the war), "in campo bellico" (in field of war), or "in campo" (in the field); but the forms also occur "qui obiit sub vixillo regis", (who died under the king's banner), which probably denotes that the fallen man was killed at Flodden, or "qui obiit in exercitu in Northumberland" (who ...
Bodleian Library, MS Rawlinson B 502. Oxford, Bodleian Library, Rawlinson B 502 is a medieval Irish manuscript which currently resides in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. It ranks as one of the three major surviving Irish manuscripts to have been produced in pre-Norman Ireland, the two other works being the Lebor na hUidre and the Book of Leinster.
Preserved in the Ghent University Library. [1] Lambert, Canon of St. Omer, Liber Floridus (Lille and Ninove, 1460) Liber Floridus ("Book of Flowers") is a medieval encyclopedia that was compiled between 1090 and 1120 by Lambert, Canon of Saint-Omer. [2] The text compiles extracts from some 192 or so different works.