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The tables below contain a sample list of benzodiazepines and benzodiazepine analogs that are commonly prescribed, with their basic pharmacological characteristics, such as half-life and equivalent doses to other benzodiazepines, also listed, along with their trade names and primary uses. The elimination half-life is how long it takes for half ...
A benzodiazepine can be placed into one of three groups by its elimination half-life, or time it takes for the body to eliminate half of the dose. [189] Some benzodiazepines have long-acting active metabolites , such as diazepam and chlordiazepoxide, which are metabolised into desmethyldiazepam .
Diazepam is a good choice for tapering for those using high doses of other benzodiazepines since it has a long half-life thus withdrawal symptoms are tolerable. [87] The process is very slow (usually from 14 to 28 weeks) but is considered safe when done appropriately. [88]
Potent benzodiazepines with a relatively short half life, such as lorazepam, alprazolam, and triazolam, have the highest risk of causing a dependence. [ 20 ] If regular treatment is continued for longer than four to six months, dose increases may be necessary to maintain effects, but treatment-resistant symptoms may in fact be benzodiazepine ...
This is likely the result of the medication's long half-life, which continues to affect the user after waking up. [57] [58] [59] While benzodiazepines induce sleep, they tend to reduce the quality of sleep by suppressing or disrupting REM sleep. [60] After regular use, rebound insomnia may occur when discontinuing clonazepam. [61]
Midazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine in adults with an elimination half-life of 1.5–2.5 hours. 13 In the elderly, as well as young children and adolescents, the elimination half-life is longer. 44 [ 66 ] Midazolam is metabolised into an active metabolite alpha-hydroxymidazolam.
Benzodiazepine use disorder (BUD), also called misuse or abuse, [1] is the use of benzodiazepines without a prescription and/or for recreational purposes, which poses risks of dependence, withdrawal and other long-term effects. [2][3] Benzodiazepines are one of the more common prescription drugs used recreationally.
An equianalgesic chart can be a useful tool, but the user must take care to correct for all relevant variables such as route of administration, cross tolerance, half-life and the bioavailability of a drug. [5] For example, the narcotic levorphanol is 4–8 times stronger than morphine, but also has a much longer half-life. Simply switching the ...