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  2. Urinary system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urinary_system

    The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood pressure, control levels of electrolytes and metabolites, and regulate blood pH. The urinary tract is the body's drainage system for the eventual removal of urine. [1] The kidneys have an extensive blood supply via the renal arteries which ...

  3. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    Definition. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal (kidney) glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time. [4] Central to the physiologic maintenance of GFR is the differential basal tone of the afferent (input) and efferent (output) arterioles (see diagram).

  4. Renin–angiotensin system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin–angiotensin_system

    Renin–angiotensin system. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS), or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure, fluid, and electrolyte balance, and systemic vascular resistance. [2][3] When renal blood flow is reduced, juxtaglomerular cells in the kidneys convert the precursor prorenin (already ...

  5. Autoregulation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoregulation

    Autoregulation. Autoregulation is a process within many biological systems, resulting from an internal adaptive mechanism that works to adjust (or mitigate) that system's response to stimuli. While most systems of the body show some degree of autoregulation, it is most clearly observed in the kidney, the heart, and the brain. [1] Perfusion of ...

  6. Heart rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heart_rate

    The American Heart Association states the normal resting adult human heart rate is 60–100 bpm. An ultra-trained athlete would have a resting heart rate of 37–38 bpm. [3] Tachycardia is a high heart rate, defined as above 100 bpm at rest. [4] Bradycardia is a low heart rate, defined as below 60 bpm at rest.

  7. Oxytocin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxytocin

    Oxytocin is a peptide hormone and neuropeptide normally produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary. [4] Present in animals since early stages of evolution, in humans it plays roles in behavior that include social bonding, love, reproduction, childbirth, and the period after childbirth.

  8. How often you poop can affect your health well beyond ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/often-poop-affect-health-well...

    July 16, 2024 at 8:01 AM. Everybody poops, but how often people go could reveal a lot about their long-term health, according to research published Tuesday in the journal Cell Reports Medicine ...

  9. Diabetic nephropathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diabetic_nephropathy

    Diabetic nephropathy, also known as diabetic kidney disease, [5] is the chronic loss of kidney function occurring in those with diabetes mellitus. Diabetic nephropathy is the leading causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) globally. The triad of protein leaking into the urine (proteinuria or albuminuria ...

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