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  2. Chemical kinetics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_kinetics

    Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics , which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate.

  3. IISER Aptitude Test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IISER_Aptitude_Test

    The syllabus generally follows the NCERT syllabus for classes 11 and 12. For 2024 exam, it will follow the rationalized syllabus of 2023-24. Syllabus for IAT [ 9 ]

  4. SNi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNi

    In chemistry, S N i (substitution nucleophilic internal) refers to a specific, regio-selective but not often encountered reaction mechanism for nucleophilic aliphatic substitution. The name was introduced by Cowdrey et al. in 1937 to label nucleophilic reactions which occur with retention of configuration, [ 1 ] but later was employed to ...

  5. Darzens reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darzens_reaction

    The Darzens reaction (also known as the Darzens condensation or glycidic ester condensation) is the chemical reaction of a ketone or aldehyde with an α-haloester in the presence of a base to form an α,β-epoxy ester, also called a "glycidic ester". [1] [2] [3] This reaction was discovered by the organic chemist Auguste Georges Darzens in 1904 ...

  6. Physical chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_chemistry

    Which reactions do occur and how fast is the subject of chemical kinetics, another branch of physical chemistry. A key idea in chemical kinetics is that for reactants to react and form products, most chemical species must go through transition states which are higher in energy than either the reactants or the products and serve as a barrier to ...

  7. Pre-exponential factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-exponential_factor

    In chemical kinetics, the pre-exponential factor or A factor is the pre-exponential constant in the Arrhenius equation (equation shown below), an empirical relationship between temperature and rate coefficient. It is usually designated by A when determined from experiment, while Z is usually left for collision frequency. The pre-exponential ...

  8. Transition state theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_state_theory

    All chemical transformations pass through an unstable structure called the transition state, which is poised between the chemical structures of the substrates and products. The transition states for chemical reactions are proposed to have lifetimes near 10 −13 seconds, on the order of the time of a single bond vibration. No physical or ...

  9. Eyring equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyring_equation

    The Eyring equation (occasionally also known as Eyring–Polanyi equation) is an equation used in chemical kinetics to describe changes in the rate of a chemical reaction against temperature. It was developed almost simultaneously in 1935 by Henry Eyring , Meredith Gwynne Evans and Michael Polanyi .