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Cantonese restaurants in the United States began during the California Gold Rush (1848–1855), which brought 20,000–30,000 immigrants across from the Canton (Guangdong) region of China. The first Chinese restaurant in America is debated.
The California gold rush (1848–1855) was a period of American history in which the most amount of gold seen at the time was discovered. The initial discovery of gold in America in 1848 attracted many immigrants who were intent on the opportunity and potential wealth that came with gold mining.
When clergy ministering to the Chinese immigrants in California supported the Chinese, they were severely criticized by the local press and populace. [1] So hostile was the opposition that in 1882, the U.S. Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act prohibiting immigration from China for the following ten years.
The Chinese came to California in large numbers during the California gold rush, with 40,400 being recorded as arriving from 1851 to 1860, and again in the 1860s, when the Central Pacific Railroad recruited large labor gangs, many on five-year contracts, to build its portion of the first transcontinental railroad. The Chinese laborers worked ...
Whereas, Chinese immigrants numbered less than 400 in 1848 and 25,000 by 1852. [13] Most Chinese immigrants in California, which they called Gam Saan ("Gold Mountain"), were also from the Guangdong province; they sought sanctuary from conflicts such as the Opium Wars and ensuing economic instability, and hoped to earn wealth to send back to ...
The 1849-era California Gold Rush drew many Chinese immigrants to the United States, seeking fortune or simply seeking work. War, famine, and a poor economy created difficult living conditions in southeastern China at that time which also spurred the migration.
Children of Chinatown: Growing Up Chinese American in San Francisco, 1850–1920: Growing Up Chinese American in San Francisco, 1850–1920. University of North Carolina Press, 2009. ISBN 0807898589, 9780807898581. Lim, Roger T. The Chinese in San Francisco and the Mining Region of California, 1848–1858. Dominican College of San Rafael, 1979.
In 1993 this council operated Chinese schools in California and Arizona, and that year almost all of the San Gabriel Valley Chinese schools belonged to this council. [13] The Hacienda Heights Area Chinese School, which opened in 1982, initially held classes in a church and had about 100 students. In 1984 it moved to Dibble Adult School.