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Torsades de pointes is associated with long QT syndrome, a condition whereby prolonged QT intervals are visible on an ECG. Long QT intervals predispose the patient to an R-on-T phenomenon , wherein the R-wave, representing ventricular depolarization, occurs during the relative refractory period at the end of repolarization (represented by the ...
Torsades de pointes: 2 points T-wave alternans: 1 point Notched T-waves in at least 3 leads 1 point Low heart rate for age (children) 0.5 points Syncope with stress 2 points Cannot receive points both for syncope and Torsades without stress 1 point Congenital deafness 0.5 points Family history Other family member with confirmed LQTS 1 point
Sinus tachycardia is a sinus rhythm of the heart, with an increased rate of electrical discharge from the sinoatrial node, resulting in a tachycardia, a heart rate that is higher than the upper limit of normal (90-100 beats per minute for adult humans).
The term "torsades de pointes" is translated from French as "twisting of the peaks" because the complexes appear to undulate, or twist around, the EKG baseline. TdP can be acquired by inheritance of a congenital long QT syndrome , or more commonly from the ingestion of a pharmacologic drug.
If a person with WPW experiences episodes of atrial fibrillation, the ECG shows a rapid polymorphic wide-complex tachycardia (without torsades de pointes). This combination of atrial fibrillation and WPW is considered dangerous, and most antiarrhythmic drugs are contraindicated. [citation needed]
Early afterdepolarizations can result in torsades de pointes, tachycardia, and other arrhythmias. [3] EADs can be triggered by hypokalemia and drugs that prolong the QT interval, including class Ia and III antiarrhythmic agents, as well as catecholamines. [1] Afterhyperpolarizations can also occur in cortical pyramidal neurons.
[2] [1] [6] Diagnosis is by an electrocardiogram (ECG) showing irregular unformed QRS complexes without any clear P waves. [1] An important differential diagnosis is torsades de pointes. [1] Treatment is with cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation. [3] Biphasic defibrillation may be better than monophasic. [3]
Administered Ibutilide and converted to sinus rhythm but subsequently had an episode of Torsades de Pointes which required DC cardioversion back into sinus rhythm. In cardiology, T wave alternans (TWA) is a periodic beat-to-beat variation in the amplitude or shape of the T wave in an electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG). TWA was first described in 1908.