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Europium is a chemical element; it has symbol Eu and atomic number 63. It is a silvery-white metal of the lanthanide series that reacts readily with air to form a dark oxide coating. Europium is the most chemically reactive, least dense, and softest of the lanthanides. It is soft enough to be cut with a knife.
For example, europium(III) oxide can be used in picture tube televisions [67] and europium-doped yttrium oxysulfide (Y 2 O 2 S:Eu 3+) can be used as phosphors. [68] In addition, europium compounds can also be used in the manufacture of anti-counterfeiting materials. [69]
Europium(III) oxide (Eu 2 O 3), is a chemical compound of europium and oxygen. It is widely used as a red or blue phosphor in television sets and fluorescent lamps, and as an activator for yttrium-based phosphors. It is also an agent for the manufacture of fluorescent glass. Europium fluorescence is used in the anti-counterfeiting phosphors in ...
Europium is exempt of this classification as it has two valence states: Eu 2+ and Eu 3+. [29] Yttrium is grouped as heavy rare-earth element due to chemical similarities. [ 30 ] The break between the two groups is sometimes put elsewhere, such as between elements 63 (europium) and 64 (gadolinium). [ 31 ]
Europium(III) chloride is an inorganic compound with the formula EuCl 3. The anhydrous compound is a yellow solid. Being hygroscopic it rapidly absorbs water to form a white crystalline hexahydrate , EuCl 3 ·6H 2 O, which is colourless.
Heating powdered europium and red phosphorus in an inert atmosphere or vacuum: [citation needed] 4 Eu + P 4 → 4 EuP. Passing phosphine through a solution of europium in liquid ammonia: [6] Eu + 2PH 3 → Eu(PH 2) 2 + H 2. Eu(PH 2) 2 is formed, which then decomposes to europium(III) phosphide and phosphine: [6] [7] 2Eu(PH 2) 2 → 2EuP + 2PH 3 ...
(Reuters) - Rare earth metals are making headlines as demand rises for products from smartphones to wind turbines, and as governments seek secure supply.
Europium(II) bromide is a crystalline compound of one europium atom and two bromine atoms. Europium(II) bromide is a white powder at room temperature, [4] and ...