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[14]: 2 Supply chain management was then further defined as the integration of supply chain activities through improved supply chain relationships to achieve a competitive advantage. [12] In the late 1990s, "supply chain management" (SCM) rose to prominence, and operations managers began to use it in their titles with increasing regularity.
A supply chain is a complex logistics system that consists of facilities that convert raw materials into finished products and distribute them [1] to end consumers [2] or end customers. [3] Meanwhile, supply chain management deals with the flow of goods in distribution channels within the supply chain in the most efficient manner. [4] [5]
In commerce, global supply-chain management is defined as the distribution of goods and services throughout a trans-national companies' global network to maximize profit and minimize waste. [1] Essentially, global supply chain-management is the same as supply-chain management, but it focuses on companies and organizations that are trans-national.
Unlike the allocative function of a 4PL in the supply chain, the core competence of a 3PL provider is the operative logistics. [13] Fifth party logistics providers (5PL) provide supply chain management and offer system-oriented consulting and supply chain management services to their customers.
Although supply chain engineering and supply chain management have the same goals, the former is focused on a mathematical model-based approach, whereas the latter is focused on a more traditional management and business-based one. [1]
The Supplier Relationship Management (SRM) certificate program is self-paced and offers several trainings from supplier relationship management to propelling continuous movement through the supply chain. The program is geared towards all levels of professionals working in the management of supply chain and procurement. [13]